1984 & USA Patriot Act

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WEBQUEST
Introduction
After September 11th, 2001 the U.S. Congress and Bush administration passed a bill known as the Patriot Act (USA PATRIOT Act) which gives the government more investigative power in order to prevent further acts of terrorism. Many people are opposed to the bill and refer to it as "Big Brother" because it gives the government so much power over our privacy. Legal Definitions, a website that summarizes legislation, states the dilemma this way:
      "There is no question that the Patriot Act erodes some of America’s civil liberties. The question, however, is whether the American community is willing to give up certain civil liberties for the added security benefits of it."
      As an American citizen, you should be aware of the Patriot Act, its provisions and limitations, and make up your own mind as to whether it should continue, be reformed, or be recalled.  You can then make informed decisions in voting, appealing to your congresspeople, and discussing the issues of terrorism, privacy, and protection with your fellow citizens.

Task

The objective is to research the Act with a critical eye and judge the similarities between the Patriot Act and 1984 for yourself.  You are also welcome to seek out other sources of information.  The Spokane Falls Library has many links related to the issues of Orwell's 1984.

Process
Focus #1: Patriot Act & Questions
Use the questions below to guide your quest.  You may form your own questions in addition, but these answers to these required. Several ask for your opinion or judgment; be sure to present evidence to support your decisions.  Complete the questionaire from the pdf file below.
Focus #2: Besides Patriot Act & Table
As you work through the questions, use the links to documents from govermental sources and agencies critical of the government to gather enough information to make comparisions and contrasts between the Big Brother/Party provisions in Oceania and Patriot Act provisions. Complete the table from pdf file below.

Products
Complete the questionaire from the pdf file below.
Complete the table from pdf file below.




Comparison of the Patriot Act to 1984                                                             
 

Directions: Use the handouts and websites below to answer the following questions (they are also available in pdf format below).The following handouts reproduce the text from most of the websites, but for a couple of the documents you must go to the site itself and access the links available. 





FOCUS #1

FOCUS #2

Document
1984 & USA PATRIOT Act
Document
1984 & Today Comparison Table



DOCUMENTS FOR FOCUS #1

DOCUMENT 1 : The USA Patriot Act:  Introduction & History
http://epic.org/privacy/terrorism/usapatriot   

DOCUMENT 2 : The USA Patriot Act: A Sketch
http://www.fas.org/irp/crs/RS21203.pdf 
 
DOCUMENT 3 : Privacy: Watching out for Big Brother
http://zdnet.com.com/2100-1105-886259.html 
 
DOCUMENT 4 : US Librarians See 'Big Brother' in Monitoring of Library Patrons 
http://www.commondreams.org/headlines03/0126-05.htm  

DOCUMENT 5 : Red Means Big Brother's in Charge
http://www.villagevoice.com/issues/0317/lee.php  -  Use with questions #4 and #5
 
DOCUMENT 6 : The US Patriot Act
http://www.eff.org/patriot - Use with questions #6, #7, and #8
 
DOCUMENT 7 : Patriot Act: A Beacon of Freedom Grows Dim, Sept. 13, 2003 Int'l Hearld Tribune
http://www.iht.com/articles/2003/09/13/edgold_ed3_.php - Use with question #9

DOCUMENT 8: White House: USA PATRIOT Act The Official White House Press Releases
http://www.whitehouse.gov/infocus/patriotact/ Use with question #10

DOCUMENT 9 : Patriot Act and Government Actions Threaten Civil Liberties
http://www.aclu.org/FilesPDFs/patriot%20act%20flyer.pdf   - Use with questions  11, 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16.  For question #16, here's a direct link to the fact sheet http://www.aclu.org/safefree/general/17383leg20030328.html.

DOCUMENT 10: Where Do You Stand on the USA Patriot Act?  Newsweek Education Program Extras!  Essay Written by Students in the Newsweek Presidential Classroom program. 
http://www.newsweekeducation.com/extras/patriotact1.php   - Use with questions 15 and 16.





   

ADDITIONAL WEB RESOURCES

A Guide to the USA PATRIOT ACT
by Slate.com
http://www.slate.com/id/2087984 (This is one of four parts with links to the other three)

The White House on the USA PATRIOT ACT
http://www.whitehouse.gov/infocus/patriotact/

EFF
Analysis of the Provisions of the Patriot Act That Relate to Online Activities
General:
http://www.eff.org/patriot/
http://www.eff.org/Privacy/Surveillance/Terrorism_militias/20011031_eff_usa_patriot_analysis.php

Patriot Act I (2003) (ACLU)
http://www.aclu.org/SafeandFree/SafeandFree.cfm?ID=12126&c=207

An Analysis of the Domestic Security Act of 2003 aka "Patriot Act II"
(ACLU)  
http://www.aclu.org/SafeandFree/SafeandFree.cfm?ID=11835&c=206


National Public Radio News Stories on the Patriot Act (must have audio to listen to the stories related to the debate of the USA PATRIOT ACT) http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4759727&sourceCode=gaw


Experts debate for the Patriot Act in a source blog/web resource (the blog had stopped taking entries, but serves as a record of expert opinion on the Patriot Act of 2001 and reauthorization of 2006 http://www.patriodebates.com

AGAINST USA PATRIOT ACT

The President Is Wrong: The USA Patriot Act Should Be Terminated (Rutherford Institute, 2004)
http://www.rutherford.org/articles_db/commentary.asp?record_id=262

The Patriot Act: An Assault on Civil Liberties -- Jim Cornehls, U of Texas, Arlington (ZMagazine, July 2003)
http://zmagsite.zmag.org/Aug2003/cornehls0803.html


FOR THE PATRIOT ACT

Wall Street Journal -  Opinion (Editorial) in support for the Reauthorization of the Patriot Act. (24 May 2004)
http://www.opinionjournal.com/editorial/feature.html?id=110005059

In Defense of the Patriot Act  -- Heather MacDonald, (Washington Post, 24 Aug 2004)
http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn/A34482-2003Aug22


WHERE IT STANDS.
THE ACLU GIVES A HISTORY AS WELL AS LOOKS FORWARD TO 2009

The PATRIOT ACT: Where It Stands, What You Can Do
http://action.aclu.org/reformthepatriotact/whereitstands.html


ON "BIG BROTHER" ISSUES IN GENERAL
CNBC Video "Big Brother, Big Business" on Net Lingo








THE QUESTIONS FOR FOCUS #1

Refer to  Document #1
1.  What was the impetus for the USA PATRIOT Act (Patriot Act)?


2.  What pressures were the U.S. Congress under to pass the Act?

3.  What does the acronym  "USA PATRIOT" stand for?  Why was it called this?

Refer to Document #2

4. Look at the summary of the U.S. PATRIOT Act (Patriot Act). What does the Act actually do according to the summary in Document #1: "CRS Report for Congress: The USA Patriot Act: A Sketch"?  List three items that you feel are the most significant changes to U.S. law.


Refer to  Document #3
5. What concerns do people in the technology field have concerning the Patriot act? See Document #2: Privacy Watching out for Big Brother."


Refer to  Document #4
6. Give three reasons why librarians are upset with the Patriot Act. See Document #3: "US Libarians See 'Big Brother.'"       


Refer to  Document #5
7. Explain what would happen if the nation went to a red terror alert.
 
8. What are "biometric identifiers" and why is their use a threat to our privacy?


Refer to  Document #6
9. Look at the Patriot Act online. What are some of the powers that it gives to our government?



10. How can the Act's  powers affect you and your privacy as an American citizen?


11. Does the Patriot Act mention the need of any proof that a citizen is a possible terror threat in order to take advantage of the power the act gives to the government?        


Refer to  Document #7

12. How does the Patriot Act affect the future of online book retailers?  "Patriot Act: A Beacon of Freedom Grows Dim."
 
Refer to  Document #8
13.  See the White House web site on the USA PATRIOT Act. What is the White House, or Bush Administration, position on the USA Patriot Act?  List the main points that are made in statements and press releases.

Refer to  Document #9
14. See the ACLU's site on the Patriot Act. How does the American Civil Liberties Union summarize the power given to the government by the Patriot Act?


15. Go to the ACLU website and click "Summary of the USA Patriot Act." According to this summary, which constitutional amendments does this act break?


16. Look at "New Federal Executive Branch Actions" located in the same place as question #11. What are some things the government has done with its new power given by this act?


17. Click on "ACLU fact sheet on section 215". What is section 215 and how does it affect ordinary American citizens?


18. What was Patriot II?


19. Click on "ACLU fact sheet on surveillance under the Patriot Act." According to this fact sheet, what powers of surveillance does our government now have? Spend any remaining time you have in class on this link. It is quite interesting.


Refer to  Document #10
20. See the Newsweek Education Program student  essay "Where Do You Stand on the USA Patriot Act?"  Do you feel that giving the government more power is a necessary step in preventing future terrorism, or do you agree with its detractors?


Refer to Two or More Docuements under "Additional Web Resources"
21. How do the Patriot Act provisions compare or contrast to "Big Brother"?


 


  RESOURCES FOR FOCUS #2

BESIDES THE PATRIOT ACT


Rights & Liberties

The Constitution of the United States http://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution/constitution.overview.html

The Constitution of the United States with Some Notes http://www.usconstitution.net/const.html

The Bill of Rights - A Brief History and Description (ACLU) http://www.aclu.org/crimjustice/gen/10084res20020304.html

The Center for Democracy and Technology http://www.cdt.org/

The Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC) http://www.epic.org

The Human Rights Library (U of Minnesota) http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/

United Nations Agreements on Human Rights (UN) http://www.hrweb.org/legal/undocs.html

Privacy International http://www.privacy.org/pi/

Privacy Rights Clearinghouse http://www.privacyrights.org/

Life and Liberty (U.S. Department of Justice site) http://www.lifeandliberty.gov/


Privacy and Surveillance

Privacy and Technology http://www.aclu.org/Privacy/PrivacyMain.cfm

Pentagon to Track American Consumer Purchases http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,70992,00.html

Wireless Cameras Raise Privacy Fears http://www.newscientist.com/news/news.jsp?id=ns99993725

A Spy Machine of DARPA's Dreams http://www.wired.com/news/business/0%2C1367%2C58909%2C00.html

Public Video Surveillance: Is it an Effective Crime Prevention Tool? http://www.library.ca.gov/CRB/97/05/

Government Surveillance(Center for Democracy and Technology) http://www.cdt.org/wiretap/

Security and Privacy: Response to September 11, 2001 Terrorist Attacks http://www.cdt.org/security/010911response.shtml

Bigger
Monster Weaker Chains: The Growth of the American Surveillance Society
http://www.aclu.org/Privacy/Privacy.cfm?ID=11573&c=39

The State of Civil Liberties One Year Later: Erosion of Civil Liberties in the Post 9/11 Era
http://www.ccr-ny.org/v2/reports/docs/Civil_Liberities.pdf

Thought Crimes

Britons Face Extradition for "Thought Crime" on the Net
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2003/02/18/nxeno18.xml&sSheet=/news/2003/02/18/ixnewstop.html

Internet Hate Speech Ban Called Chilling
http://www.pcworld.com/news/article/0,aid,107499,00.asp


War on Terror

Homeland Security Actions http://www.whitehouse.gov/homeland/

The Disinformation Campaign: Western Media Follow a Depressingly Familiar Formula When it Comes to a National Conflict http://www.guardian.co.uk/Archive/Article/0,4273,4270014,00.html

Line up, Shut up, and Pay the Bills: The Role of Citizens in Perpetual Wartime?
http://www.tompaine.com/feature2.cfm/ID/6597

Fight the Matrix: Distorted Intelligence on Iraq is Part of an Orwellian World of Fabricated Reality http://books.guardian.co.uk/departments/politicsphilosophyandsociety/story/0,6000,970572,00.html

Ashcroft Calls Patriot Act "Key Weapon" on Fighting Terrorism
http://usinfo.state.gov/topical/pol/terror/texts/03060500.htm

The "Perpetual War Portfolio" (Thought Provoking)
http://www.rationalenquirer.org/features/portfolio//


Nineteen Eighty-Four Parallels to Today

Learning to Love Big Brother: George W. Bush Channels George Orwell

http://sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2002/07/28/IN244190.DTL

White House Web Scrubbing (Washington Post)
http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn/A9821-2003Dec17?language=printer

Seek and Ye Shall Not Find (Washington Post)
http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn?pagename=article&node=&contentId=A7789-2003Mar10¬Found=true

Oceania vs. Eurasia: We Need a Multipolar World, Russian, Chinese Leaders Say (copy & paste this link) http://www.cnsnews.com/ViewForeignBureaus.asp?Page=/ForeignBureaus/archive/200305/FOR20030528b.html

Doublespeak
http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Doublespeak





Credit:  The inspiration and some of the web links came from several other educators' webquests on the above topics, including two from at the University of Minnesota at Duluth: R.Holden and C. Sigler.
Last Revised 11 May2012. 1997-2012 © Charles Youngs. All Rights Reserved Unless Otherwise Noted or Creative Commons License Provided.  This website is a resource provided independently by Charles Youngs and is not endorsed by or representative of any institution..